Justicia adhatoda L.

Shrubs, stem erect, 2–3 m high, woody, terete, glabrous; younger parts pubescent. Leaves opposite, subcoriaceous, lanceolate or elliptic, 7–22 by 4–7.5 cm; apex acute or acuminate; base attenuate or cuneate; margin entire; finely pubescent and cystoliths linear on both surfaces; midrib, lateral veins and reticulations distinct on both surfaces; lateral veins in 9–11 pairs; petioles 2–3 cm long, glabrous. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, simple spike, 3–6 cm long; peduncles 3–7 cm long, pubescent; flowers in opposite pairs, 1-flowered subtended by one bract and two bracteoles; bracts 4-ranked, densely imbricate, green, ovate, apex obtuse or acute, 1.2–2.4 by 0.9–1.4 cm, subcoriaceous, margin entire, pubescent on both surfaces, longer than calyx; bracteoles greenish, lanceolate, 10–15 by 4–5 mm, pubescent, longer than calyx. Calyx deeply 5-lobed, greenish, 9–11 by 2–3 mm; tube ca.1 mm long; lobes lanceolate; apex acute, 8–12 mm long, pubescent on both sides. Corolla white to yellowish green with purple markings at base of lower lip, 2.5–3.2 cm long, sparsely pubescent outside; tube cylindrical, 0.5–0.7 cm long, slightly enlarged in throat; upper lip erect, slightly curved,  1.2–1.5 cm long; lower lip deflexed, 1–1.5 by 1.5–2 cm, lateral lobes 1.2–1.5 by 0.5–1 cm, middle lobe 1.2–1.5 by 1.3–2.5 cm. Stamens 15–20 mm long, pubescent, inserted near middle of corolla tube and lie beneath the upper lip; anthers 2-thecous, 1–3 mm long, thecae superposed, subequal, lower theca 1.2–1.5 mm long, with tail 0.2–0.3 mm long, upper theca 1–1.3 mm long. Ovary ovoid or ellipsoid, 2–3 mm long, pubescent; style filiform, lower part sparsely hairy, 15–18 mm long, pubescent at base; stigma with two minute unequal lobes. Capsules apex acute, finely pubescent, 0.8–1.4 cm. long